The NMFC system defines standard freight classes for carriers to measure the "transportability" of goods. It sorts freight into several categories, which are continuously amended by the National Motor Freight Traffic Association, Inc. (NMFTA). This scale grants both fleet managers and recipients of cargo a standard system to identify and classify freight, allowing less-than-truckload shipments to proceed smoothly.
The NMFC assigns a freight class based on four criteria; density, handling, stowability, and liability.
Based on a combination of these characteristics, a freight shipping class is assigned, ranging from 50 to 500. There are 18 separate classes ranging within these values, with lower numbers indicating cargo that is more favorable to ship. Freight that is in a higher freight class will have a higher shipping cost, owing to its difficulty to ship.
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